Any astronomical object which orbits around a larger object is called a satellite. Satellites are an important part of astronomical studies as they inform us about the features of various astronomical bodies around the universe. In the solar system, all the objects which revolve around the sun are satellites. Students who complete academic projects related to astronomy often look for Urgent Assignment Help.
Types of satellites
The satellites can be broadly classified into two types:
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Natural Satellites: The natural astronomical object which revolves around a larger object is called a natural satellite. They are colloquially called the moon. For instance, Earth has 1 moon which revolves around it. All planets in the solar system technically are the moon for the sun.
- Artificial Satellites: They are man-made objects which are intentionally launched to revolve around the orbit of planet Earth. There are more than 4000 artificial satellites which revolve around the Earth. These satellites have numerous uses and features.
Parts of a Satellite
The satellites which launch around planet Earth have numerous shapes and sizes. But all these satellites have two components in common i.e.
- Power Source: They comprise a battery-powered solar panel. The satellite has large silver-coated reflecting surfaces which use the sunlight to power these satellites.
- Antenna: These antennae are used to receive and transmit information to Earth stations
- Sensor: Sensors such as high definition cameras, wave detectors are attached to the satellites to gather data
The orbit of a satellite
Orbit is the path around which the satellite revolves around. The orbit of a satellite can be classified into:
- Synchronous Orbit: When the orbital period of the satellite is equal to the spin of the object it revolves around is called a synchronous orbit. As the object's trajectory is identical to the planet earth, they are also called stationary orbit, as when these objects are viewed from Earth, they seem to be placed as stationary.
- Polar Orbit: When the satellite revolves around the poles of planet Earth, the path they follow is called a polar orbit. The observations such as weather mapping are conducted when the satellite revolves around a polar orbit.
- Inclined Orbit: The satellite revolving at an inclined angle from the equator follows an inclined orbit path.
Uses of a satellite
Here are some of the most popular uses of an artificial satellite
- They are used for internet transmission
- They are used for international television broadcasts
- The Global Positioning System (GPS) present in devices uses the satellites for navigation
- Using satellites, the geographic features of a place, such as weather, climate and topography of the place can be observed
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