Abstract:
Methylone, also known as 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylcathinone (MDMC), is a synthetic drug that has gained popularity in recent years due to its stimulant and entactogenic effects. Despite its increasing use, there is limited research on the chemical composition and applications of methylone. This review aims to provide an overview of the chemical structure, synthesis, and applications of methylone, as well as its potential risks and legal status synthesis methylone.

Introduction:
Methylone is a synthetic drug that belongs to the class of cathinone derivatives, which are known for their stimulant and entactogenic effects. It is structurally similar to other cathinone derivatives, such as mephedrone and methylphenidate. Methylone was first identified in 2010 and has since gained popularity among drug users due to its potent effects.

Chemical Structure:
Methylone has a molecular formula of C11H13NO2 and a molecular weight of 193.2 g/mol. Its chemical structure consists of a benzene ring attached to a hydroxyl (-OH) group, a methyl (-CH3) group, and a nitrogen atom bonded to a methyl (-CH3) group. The nitrogen atom is also bonded to a carbon atom, which is bonded to a hydroxyl (-OH) group.

Synthesis:
Methylone can be synthesized through several methods, including the reaction of 3,4-methylenedioxy-phenyl-2-propanone with methylamine, or the reaction of 3,4-methylenedioxy-phenyl-2-propanone with methyl iodide. The synthesis of methylone typically involves the use of chemicals such as hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, and dimethylformamide.

Applications:
Methylone has been reported to have stimulant and entactogenic effects, similar to other cathinone derivatives. It has been used by individuals seeking a euphoric and energizing experience, as well as by those seeking to enhance their mental alertness and focus. Methylone has also been used in the context of drug-facilitated sexual assault, due to its ability to increase sexual desire and reduce inhibitions.

Risks:
Despite its potential benefits, methylone use has been associated with several risks. Methylone can cause adverse effects such as anxiety, panic attacks, and psychotic episodes. It can also cause physical effects such as increased heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature. Long-term use of methylone can lead to addiction, cognitive impairment, and memory loss.

Legal Status:
Methylone is illegal in many countries, including the United States, Canada, and the European Union. In the United States, methylone is classified as a Schedule I drug under the Controlled Substances Act, indicating that it has a high potential for abuse and no accepted medical use.

Conclusion:
Methylone is a synthetic drug with stimulant and entactogenic effects that has gained popularity in recent years. Despite its potential benefits, methylone use has been associated with several risks, including adverse effects, addiction, and legal consequences. Further research is needed to fully understand the chemical composition and applications of methylone, as well as its potential risks and benefits.