Introduction: The Overlooked "Switch" The success of monoclonal antibodies is undeniable, yet the inherent glycosylation heterogeneity remains a hidden variable for efficacy and safety. Fine-tuning the Fc glycan structure directly governs critical immune effector functions like Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity (ADCC) and serum half-life. Traditional production processes...

Introduction: Unlocking the "Sugar Code"In the intricate world of biopharmaceuticals, a protein's destiny is often written in a subtle language of sugars. The glycans attached to therapeutic proteins are far more than mere decoration; they are fundamental molecular switches that directly command a drug's efficacy (e.g., antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity), safety (e.g., immunogenic...